U.S. Finds Vanillin From China Is Sold Below Fair Value

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The U.S. Department of Commerce has announced a final decision about vanillin from China. The Department found that vanillin from China is being, or is likely to be, sold in the United States at less than fair value.

Investigation Period

The period of investigation was from October 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024.

Key Details

This decision follows a preliminary decision published on January 16, 2025. The final decision includes findings after verifying the sales and production records from Jiangxi Brother Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Standard verification methods were used. These included checking business and accounting records and other original documents provided by Jiangxi Brother.

Scope of the Case

Vanillin covered by this case includes:

• Natural vanillin
• Synthetic vanillin
• Bio-sourced synthetic vanillin (biovanillin)
• Ethylvanillin

It includes all forms, regardless of purity, particle size, or physical form. The covered vanillin falls under U.S. tariff codes 2912.41.0000 and 2912.42.0000. The relevant Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) numbers are 121-33-5 and 121-32-4.

Final Rates Set

The Department assigned the following final dumping rates for vanillin from China, for the period investigated:

* The China-Wide Entity rate is based on facts available and uses adverse inferences.

Separate Rates and Combination Rates

The Department evaluated requests for separate rates and combination rates. No changes were made since the preliminary determination regarding separate rate status.

Combination rates were calculated for companies eligible for separate rates, following Department Policy Bulletin 05.1.

Suspension of Liquidation

U.S. Customs and Border Protection will continue to suspend the liquidation for all covered entries of vanillin from China that were entered or withdrawn for consumption on or after January 16, 2025. These instructions will stay in effect until further notice.

Cash deposits are required at the rates listed above for each producer/exporter combination. For other Chinese producers/exporters not listed, the rate for the China-Wide Entity will apply. For third-country exporters not listed, the rate for the supplier, or, if needed, the China-Wide rate applies.

Adjustment for Export Subsidies

The Department will adjust the final duty rates by export subsidy rates as needed. If both dumping and subsidy findings are confirmed, the deposit rate will be lowered by the export subsidy amount.

Next Steps

The Department has sent its decision to the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC). The ITC must decide if the domestic U.S. industry has been injured by vanillin imports from China. The ITC has 45 days to make this decision.

• If the ITC finds no injury or threat, the investigation ends and cash deposits will be returned.
• If the ITC finds injury, the Department will issue an antidumping order and duties will be collected.

This notice was published on June 6, 2025.

Legal Reference

The notice was signed by Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance.

Citations and Reference Information

• The full legal title is “Vanillin From the People’s Republic of China: Final Affirmative Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value.”
• Federal Register Volume 90, Number 108 (Friday, June 6, 2025), pages 24093-24095.
• For more details, see the Issues and Decision Memorandum linked at here.

Legal Disclaimer

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