U.S. Issues Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders on Vanillin from China

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Background

The U.S. Department of Commerce has issued antidumping (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) orders on vanillin from the People’s Republic of China. This action comes after the Department of Commerce and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) made final determinations about the trade practices surrounding vanillin imports from China.

The Department of Commerce found that vanillin from China was being sold in the United States at less than fair value and that Chinese producers and exporters of vanillin were receiving government subsidies. On July 18, 2025, the ITC confirmed that these imports were causing material injury to U.S. industries.

Scope of the Orders

The orders affect vanillin (molecular formulas C8H8O3 or C9H10O3), including natural vanillin, synthetic vanillin, biovanillin (bio-sourced synthetic vanillin), and ethylvanillin. These chemicals are also known as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde and 3-Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The related Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) numbers are 121-33-5 and 121-32-4. This order covers vanillin in all forms, regardless of purity, size, or physical state. The products fall under U.S. tariff codes 2912.41.0000 and 2912.42.0000.

Antidumping Duty Order

The Department of Commerce is directing U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to collect antidumping duties on unliquidated entries of vanillin from China that entered, or were withdrawn from the warehouse for consumption, on or after January 16, 2025. These duties are assessed based on the difference between the normal value and the export (or constructed export) price.

The suspension of liquidation and requirement for cash deposits resume as of the date of publication of the ITC’s final determination in the Federal Register, which is July 28, 2025.

Dumping Margins Imposed

For most named companies, the weighted-average dumping margin is 190.20 percent, with a cash deposit rate of 190.15 percent. For the “China-wide entity,” the margin is 379.87 percent with a cash deposit rate of 379.82 percent. The orders cover various listed exporters and producers, as well as companies not specifically mentioned.

Provisional Measures (AD)

The provisional measures, which began on January 16, 2025, ended on July 14, 2025. For vanillin from China entered between July 15, 2025, and the date before July 28, 2025, there will be no antidumping duties collected.

Countervailing Duty Order

Countervailing duties apply to vanillin imported from China that entered on or after November 18, 2024. The CBP will collect cash deposits on vanillin entries, equal to the countervailable subsidy rates listed.

Subsidy Rates

Jiaxing Guihua Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd. and all other importers will have a cash deposit rate of 42.10 percent ad valorem.

Provisional Measures (CVD)

For entries after March 18, 2025, and before July 28, 2025, there will be no countervailing duties collected. The collection of duties resumes on July 28, 2025.

Annual Inquiry Service Lists

Commerce will create an annual inquiry service list for these orders under each case number in the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Electronic Service System (ACCESS). Interested parties should submit entries to be added to these lists within 30 days of the order’s publication.

Both the original petitioner and the Government of China will be placed on the list automatically in future years but must submit an initial request after this notice.

Notifications

This notice is the official AD and CVD order for vanillin from China. For the full list of orders currently in effect, interested parties can visit the Commerce website at https://www.trade.gov/data-visualization/adcvd-proceedings.

The written definition of the products covered is final, not the HTSUS or CAS numbers.

Contact Information

Further information is available from the Department of Commerce:

  • Bryan Hansen (AD): (202) 482-3683
  • Dylan Hill (CVD): (202) 482-1197

U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230.

Source: Federal Register, Volume 90, Issue 142, July 28, 2025.


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