U.S. Launches Countervailing Duty Investigations on Hardwood and Decorative Plywood from China, Indonesia, and Vietnam Estimated reading time: 5–10 minutes On June 11, 2025, the U.S. Department of Commerce started countervailing duty (CVD) investigations on hardwood and decorative plywood imported from China, Indonesia, and Vietnam. This action was announced in the Federal Register on June 16, 2025. Background The Coalition for Fair Trade in Hardwood Plywood filed CVD petitions on May 22, 2025. The coalition includes U.S. producers like Columbia Forest Products, Commonwealth Plywood Inc., Manthei Wood Products, States Industries LLC, and Timber Products Company. They claim that manufacturers in China, Indonesia, and Vietnam benefit from government subsidies, making it hard for American producers to compete. The CVD petitions came with antidumping duty (AD) petitions for the same products from these countries. Process and Investigation Period The Department reviewed the information in the petitions and exchanged several supplemental questions and answers with the Coalition until June 10, 2025. The investigation period is from January 1, 2024, through December 31, 2024. Product Scope The investigations cover hardwood and decorative plywood. These are flat, layered wood panels made with two or more wood veneers, possibly over a core. At least one outer veneer must be made of hardwood, softwood, or bamboo. The panels can have different surface coatings or coverings but are still included under this review. More details and exclusions are listed in the Federal Register notice. Submitting Scope Comments Interested parties can comment on which products should be included. Comments must be submitted by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on July 1, 2025. Rebuttal comments are due by July 11, 2025, also at 5:00 p.m. All submissions must use the Department’s electronic filing system, ACCESS. Consultations The Department notified the governments of China, Indonesia, and Vietnam about the petitions and invited consultations. Meetings were held with Indonesia and Vietnam on June 5, 2025. China did not request a meeting but sent written comments. Industry Support For a petition to proceed, U.S. producers supporting the petition must make up at least 25 percent of total production and more than 50 percent of those expressing either support or opposition. The Department found that the coalition met these requirements. Injury Test The U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) will decide if the imported plywood causes or threatens harm to the U.S. industry. Allegations The coalition says that imports from these countries are getting subsidies and that the U.S. industry is suffering. Reasons include a large rise in imports, lower prices, lost sales, and falling profits in the U.S. industry. Initiation of the Investigations The Department found enough support to start investigations on nearly all the subsidy programs listed in the petitions: 33 for China, 12 for Indonesia, and 26 for Vietnam. Public checklists with more details are available online. Respondent Selection The Department plans to issue questionnaires to many identified producers and exporters in each country. If companies do not get a questionnaire directly, they can still submit information. Responses are due by June 25, 2025. Next Steps The Department will send a copy of the public version of the petitions to the governments involved and, as much as possible, to all named exporters. The ITC will make a preliminary decision in 45 days on whether U.S. industry has been harmed. If they decide there is no harm for any country, the case for that country will end. Other Instructions All parties must follow specific rules when submitting evidence and requests for more time. Special certification forms and procedures must be used for anything submitted. Rules on who must be notified and how paperwork is served have been updated. What Is Covered Under the Scope The plywood covered under investigation includes a wide range of wood panels. Some products are excluded, such as plywood certified to certain U.S. structural standards, products with cork veneers, specific wood flooring, some fully assembled or ready-to-assemble furniture, finished countertops, certain laminated door parts, and some two-ply products. The plywood usually enters under many different customs numbers, which are listed in detail in the notice. These customs numbers help identify which products are included, but the written descriptions are what matter most for the investigations. Published By Steven Presing, Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, signed the notice for publication. For full legal text and more details, please refer to the official Federal Register Volume 90, Number 114, dated June 16, 2025. Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Commerce Department Issues Final Results on Chinese Metal Lockers Countervailing Duties Review Estimated reading time: 6–8 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce has published the final results of its 2022 countervailing duty administrative review on certain metal lockers and parts from the People’s Republic of China. The review covers the period from January 1, 2022, through December 31, 2022. Key Findings The Department found that some Chinese producers and exporters received countervailable subsidies during the review period. The products in question are metal lockers imported from China. Final Subsidy Rates Hangzhou Evernew Machinery & Equipment Company: 220.95 percent. (This includes Zhejiang Yinghong Metalware Co., Ltd., which is cross-owned with Hangzhou Evernew.) Xingyi Metalworking Technology (Zhejiang) Co., Ltd.: 22.82 percent. Hangzhou Xline Machinery & Equipment Co., Ltd.: 22.82 percent. Jiangsu Wanlong Special Containers Co., Ltd.: 22.82 percent. Rescission for Four Companies The Department is rescinding the review for four companies. This decision comes from U.S. Customs and Border Protection data, which showed these companies had no entries of subject merchandise during the review period. The companies are: Kunshan Dongchu Precision Machinery Co., Ltd. Pingchu Chenda Storage Office Co., Ltd. Tianjin Jia Mei Metal Furniture Ltd. Zhejiang Xingyi Metal Products Co., Ltd. Methodology The Department conducted the review under section 751(a)(1)(A) of the Tariff Act of 1930. Subsidies were evaluated on financial contribution, benefit, and specificity, as defined in the Act. For some findings, Commerce used facts available and, in some cases, adverse facts available (AFA). Changes from Preliminary Results The rate for Hangzhou Evernew Machinery and Equipment Company (and its cross-owned producer) was revised based on comments and evidence. The Department also revised the rate for companies not selected for individual review. Because the rate for Hangzhou Evernew is now based on total AFA, the rate for the two non-selected companies (Hangzhou Xline Machinery & Equipment Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Wanlong Special Containers Co., Ltd.) is set at the level for the cooperating mandatory respondent, Xingyi Metalworking. Cash Deposit Requirements The Department will instruct U.S. Customs and Border Protection to collect cash deposits of estimated countervailing duties at the rates listed above for those companies. These deposits apply to goods entered or withdrawn from warehouses for consumption on or after June 13, 2025. Firms not reviewed must continue to pay deposits at the all-others rate or their last company-specific rate. Duty Assessment For the companies with final rates, CBP will assess duties at the appropriate ad valorem rates. For rescinded companies, duties will be assessed at the cash deposit rate in effect during the review period. Assessment instructions will be issued no earlier than 35 days after publication of the final results. If a timely summons is filed in U.S. Court of International Trade, liquidation of entries will be held until the period for statutory injunction requests ends. Administrative Protective Order Parties with access to proprietary information under an administrative protective order (APO) must comply with regulations regarding the return or destruction of that information. Further Information These final results are in accordance with sections 751(a)(1) and 777(i)(1) of the Tariff Act and 19 CFR 351.221(b)(5). The Issues and Decision Memorandum related to this review is publicly available online via the ACCESS system at https://access.trade.gov. Dated: June 6, 2025. Steven Presing, Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, U.S. Department of Commerce. Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Department of Commerce Announces Preliminary Results of Aluminum Sheet Review From China Estimated reading time: 3–5 minutes Background The U.S. Department of Commerce released its preliminary results for the countervailing duty review of common alloy aluminum sheet from the People’s Republic of China. The review covers January 1, 2023, through December 31, 2023. The Commerce Department first put the countervailing duty order in place in February 2019. This review started on April 9, 2024. Since then, Commerce made several changes to the timeline and extended deadlines several times. The deadline for these results was June 5, 2025. Companies Reviewed Commerce chose two main companies for detailed review: Henan Mingtai Al. Industrial Co., Ltd. Yinbang Clad Material Co., Ltd. Commerce also looked at related companies for Henan Mingtai Al. Industrial Co., Ltd. These are Henan Gongdian Thermal Co., Ltd. and Zhengzhou Mingtai Industry, Co., Ltd. Partial Rescission Commerce decided to stop the review for Alcha International Holdings Limited and Jiangsu Alcha Aluminium Co., Ltd. (known together as Alcha Group). Customs data shows they had no shipments of reviewed goods during the review period. No party commented on this. Calculation Method Commerce decided that subsidies were given to some companies and that these subsidies were specific and measurable. Commerce used “facts available with adverse inferences” for Henan Mingtai Al. and its related companies. This means the decisions are based on the information available when companies do not provide all needed data. Preliminary Subsidy Rates Commerce calculated the following preliminary countervailable subsidy rates for the period January 1, 2023, through December 31, 2023: Yinbang Clad Material Co., Ltd.: 9.45% Henan Mingtai Al. Industrial Co., Ltd.; Henan Gongdian Thermal Co., Ltd.; and Zhengzhou Mingtai Industry, Co., Ltd.: 238.22% Next Steps Commerce will share its detailed calculations with interested parties within five days. Comments and Hearing Requests Parties can send case briefs with comments within 21 days of the notice’s publication. Rebuttal briefs are due five days after the case briefs. Briefs must include a table of contents and a list of authorities. Parties should also write a short summary for each issue in their briefs. Hearing requests must be filed within 30 days of this notice. Hearings will cover only issues in the briefs. Assessment and Cash Deposit Rates After the final results, Commerce will instruct U.S. Customs and Border Protection on how to assess duties on entries from the review period. For the companies not reviewed, Commerce will tell Customs to keep collecting deposits at the previously determined rates. Final Results Commerce plans to issue the final results within 120 days after these preliminary results are published. Further Details These results were issued under U.S. law by the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations. Appendix Topics in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum include: Summary Background Scope of the Order China’s Economy Use of Facts Available and Adverse Inferences Subsidies Valuation Interest Rate Benchmarks Analysis of Programs Recommendation For full information, the public can access these details on the Enforcement and Compliance Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS) website. Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Releases Preliminary Results for 2023 Review of Wood Mouldings and Millwork Products from China Estimated reading time: 5–10 minutes Background and Review Process The Department of Commerce started an administrative review of countervailing duties on wood mouldings and millwork products from China. The review covers the period from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023. Commerce chose two companies as mandatory respondents in the review: Zhejiang Senya Board Industry Co., Ltd. (Senya Board) Fujian Yinfeng Imp & Exp Trading Co., Ltd. (Yinfeng) The review originally included 38 producers and exporters. On certain occasions, some reviewing parties withdrew their review requests for some companies, so Commerce rescinded the review for those companies. In total, 22 companies were rescinded from the review because of withdrawn requests or because there were no imports during the review period. Methodology The review used the requirements stated in the Tariff Act of 1930 and relevant federal regulations. Commerce examined different subsidy programs and decided that financial contributions from the Chinese government gave certain companies unfair advantages. For companies not individually investigated, Commerce used the weighted average of the subsidy rates given to the two main respondents. Preliminary Results Commerce found the following preliminary subsidy rates for the review period: Zhejiang Senya Board Industry Co., Ltd.: 26.25 percent Fujian Yinfeng Imp & Exp Trading Co., Ltd.: 10.16 percent Non-selected companies under review: 12.94 percent These rates will apply from January 1, 2023, through December 31, 2023. Rescission of Review for Some Companies The Department rescinded the review for certain companies because all requests were withdrawn or there were no reviewable entries. The list of impacted companies can be found in Appendices II and III of the official notice. Public Comment Parties interested in this review can submit case briefs within 21 days after the notice’s publication. Rebuttal briefs are due five days after case briefs. All briefs must include a table of contents and a table of authorities. Summaries for each issue in the brief are required and must not be more than 450 words per issue. Parties requesting a hearing must file electronically and must state their name, address, and contact information. They must also state whether any foreign nationals will participate and list the issues to be discussed. Final Results The final results of the review will come within 120 days of publication. The Department will address all issues raised in submitted briefs. Assessment and Cash Deposits Once the review is complete, duties will be assessed. For companies with rescinded reviews, duties will be based on the cash deposit rates that were in effect at the time of import during 2023. For companies still under review, new rates will apply after the final results. After the final results are published, new cash deposit instructions will be sent to U.S. Customs and Border Protection. These rates will stay in effect until further notice. For More Information The full list of topics from the review and lists of companies involved are in the Federal Register notice. Additional information is available at the Department of Commerce’s Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). These results are effective as of June 12, 2025. Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

Correction Issued on Antidumping Review for Cold-Drawn Mechanical Tubing from India Estimated reading time: 2–3 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce has released a correction to its earlier notice on the final results of the antidumping duty review for certain cold-drawn mechanical tubing of carbon and alloy steel from India. The Department published the final results for this product’s 2022-2023 administrative review in the Federal Register on April 14, 2025. In the April notice, Commerce gave the name of one mandatory respondent as “Goodluck India Limited.” It did not include other names under which this company’s products might be shipped to the United States. The correction notice has now listed all possible company names. The names identified are: Goodluck India Limited Good Luck Steel Tubes Ltd. Good Luck Industries Goodluck Industries The cash deposit and assessment rates calculated for “Goodluck India Limited” now apply to these other company names as well. This correction was published on June 11, 2025, in Volume 90, Number 111 of the Federal Register. The correction refers to previous entries where the same issue occurred and reminds interested parties of the names to which rates apply. For more information, the contact at the U.S. Department of Commerce is Colin Thrasher, AD/CVD Operations, Office V, Enforcement and Compliance. The office is located at 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230. The phone number is (202) 482-3004. This correction notice follows the rules included in sections 751(a)(1) and 777(i)(1) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended. The notice was signed by Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations. The notice was formally issued and published on June 5, 2025. Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Commerce Department Corrects Metal Locker Antidumping Rate for China Estimated reading time: 2–3 minutes The United States Department of Commerce (Commerce) has made a correction about the cash deposit rate for metal lockers and parts from China. This update was published in the Federal Register on June 11, 2025. The mistake was found in a previous notice from April 16, 2025. That notice was about the final results for the 2022–2023 review of the antidumping duty order on certain metal lockers and parts from China. Commerce said it had listed the China-wide cash deposit rate as 322.25 percent. This was not correct. The actual existing cash deposit rate for the China-wide entity is 311.71 percent. Because of the mistake, Commerce will issue new liquidation instructions. These new instructions will have the correct China-wide rate of 311.71 percent. The correction applies to the “China-Wide Entity” section from the April 16, 2025, notice. The correct number—311.71 percent—is now the official cash deposit rate for the China-wide entity. This notice was signed on June 5, 2025, by Christopher Abbott. He is the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations at the International Trade Administration. If you have questions, you can contact Matthew Palmer at the U.S. Department of Commerce. His phone number is (202) 482-1678. This update follows rules under section 751(c) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, and 19 CFR 351.221(b)(5). Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

Commerce Department Continues Antidumping and Countervailing Duties on Vertical Metal File Cabinets From China Estimated reading time: 4–6 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce has announced the continued enforcement of antidumping duty (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) orders on vertical metal file cabinets imported from the People’s Republic of China. This action follows determinations by both the Department of Commerce and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC). They found that removing these orders would likely cause dumping, unfair government subsidies, and harm to American industries. Background The original antidumping and countervailing duty orders were published in the Federal Register on December 13, 2019. These orders aim to protect U.S. industries from unfair competition due to low-priced imports and government-supported exporters. In November 2024, the ITC began the first five-year (sunset) reviews. The Department of Commerce started its review soon after. The reviews followed section 751(c) of the Tariff Act of 1930. The Commerce Department determined that removing these orders would likely result in continued dumping and subsidized imports. The ITC agreed that removing the orders would likely cause injury to U.S. companies. On May 30, 2025, the ITC confirmed its decision. The Commerce Department is therefore continuing the AD and CVD orders. U.S. Customs and Border Protection will keep collecting AD and CVD deposits at the existing rates for all vertical metal file cabinets covered by these orders. Scope of the Orders These orders cover freestanding vertical metal file cabinets. The cabinets must have two or more drawers or extendable storage parts and be 25 inches wide or less. The main features include: Made of carbon, alloy steel, or other metals (painted, coated, or galvanized). Have two or more extendable elements (like drawers) sized for letter (8.5 x 11 inches) or legal (8.5 x 14 inches) hanging files. May include small storage parts (like pencil drawers) as long as these do not total more than six inches in height. May have a non-extendable storage area (like a small cubby) not higher than six inches. Are “freestanding” with a solid top—not made for attaching to desks or worktops. May have wheels, casters, or similar features. Accessories packaged with the cabinets do not remove them from the scope. Can be imported assembled or unassembled, if all essential parts are included. Exclusions from the Orders The orders explicitly do not cover: Lateral metal file cabinets (wider than 25 inches, body width is more than depth). Pedestal file cabinets (file cabinets with body depths greater than or equal to width, under 31 inches in height, and with certain features such as a central locking system, 90% drawer extension, minimum weight density of 9.5 lbs./cubic foot, and casters or glides). Fire-resistant cabinets meeting Underwriters Laboratories standard 72, class 350. The cabinets are mostly classified under Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) subheading 9403.10.0020, but may also be imported under other related subheadings. Continued Enforcement Commerce is continuing the orders, with the effective date of continuation as May 30, 2025. Customs will keep collecting deposits as before. The next five-year review is scheduled to begin within 30 days before the fifth anniversary of the last ITC decision. Administrative Notes The notice reminds parties involved about their responsibilities concerning confidential information. Parties must dispose of or convert confidential materials, according to the rules, after the proceeding. This continuation was published as required under the Tariff Act and related regulations. Official Dated: June 5, 2025. Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations (Performing the duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance). Federal Register Doc. 2025-10576, filed on June 10, 2025. Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Announces Antidumping and Countervailing Duties on Alkyl Phosphate Esters from China Estimated reading time: 3–5 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce has issued new orders on certain alkyl phosphate esters from the People’s Republic of China. These orders enforce both antidumping (AD) and countervailing (CVD) duties. The decision comes after final positive determinations by the Department of Commerce and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC). What’s Included in the Orders These orders apply to specific chemical products called alkyl phosphate esters. These are phosphorus-based ester chemicals. They include compounds like tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP), tris (1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCP), and triethyl phosphate (TEP). The orders cover both halogenated and non-halogenated esters with a phosphorus content of at least 6.5% and a viscosity between 1 and 2000 mPa·s (at 20-25°C). The products are classified under three Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) codes: 2919.90.5050, 2919.90.5010, and 3824.99.5000. Blends that have at least 20% alkyl phosphate esters by weight are also covered. Why These Duties Were Ordered On April 25, 2025, the Department of Commerce found that alkyl phosphate esters from China were both sold at less than fair value (antidumping) and subsidized by the Chinese government (countervailable subsidies). The ITC agreed, finding that U.S. companies were harmed by these imports. Antidumping Duty Details The antidumping duty order affects unliquidated entries of alkyl phosphate esters from China entered after December 4, 2024. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) will now collect duties on these imports. Exporters and producers from China are assigned different rates. Producer Exporter Dumping Margin (%) Cash Deposit Rate (%) Anhui RunYue Technology Co., Ltd. Anhui RunYue Technology Co., Ltd. 254.60 167.46 Zhejiang Wansheng Co., Ltd. Zhejiang Wansheng Co., Ltd. 152.38 126.45 Xinji Hongzheng Chemical Co., Ltd. ACETO (SHANGHAI) LTD. 174.40 135.28 Several Others (see official order) Various 174.40 135.28 China-wide Entity — 269.02 243.09 The China-wide entity rate is based on adverse facts. Duration of Rules Suspension of liquidation remains in effect from the date of the ITC’s final affirmative injury determination published in the Federal Register, June 11, 2025. There is a gap between June 2, 2025 (the end of provisional measures), until the date of ITC’s determination publication, where no duties are collected. Countervailing Duty Details For countervailing duties, the order applies to entries imported after October 1, 2024. The following subsidy rates apply: Company Subsidy Rate (%) Anhui RunYue Technology Co., Ltd.; Yixing RunYue Enterprise Management Co., Ltd. 117.51 Zhejiang Wansheng Co., Ltd. 81.82 Zhejiang Wanda Tools Group Corp. 491.21* All Others 91.07 *Rate is based on adverse facts. Scope of Products The orders cover: Tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP) Tris (1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCP) Triethyl phosphate (TEP) Any blends containing 20% or more of these esters by weight Products are included even if they consist of a single isomer or mixtures different from those usually sold. Process for Interested Parties The Commerce Department will establish an annual inquiry service list for this order. Interested parties must submit an entry of appearance in the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Electronic Service System (ACCESS) within 30 days after the order’s publication to be included. Petitioners and foreign governments will be added automatically each year after their initial entry. Official Publication This action was published on June 11, 2025, in the Federal Register (Vol. 90, No. 111, pages 24579–24582). More information on such duty orders is available at: https://www.trade.gov/data-visualization/adcvd-proceedings Contacts for Further Information Dennis McClure (AD Issues): (202) 482-5973 Benjamin Nathan (CVD Issues): (202) 482-3834 Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Commerce Department Amends Preliminary Determination on Thermoformed Molded Fiber Products from China Estimated reading time: 4–6 minutes U.S. Commerce Department Amends Preliminary Determination on Thermoformed Molded Fiber Products from China The U.S. Department of Commerce has changed its preliminary decision in the investigation of thermoformed molded fiber products from China. The Department is correcting mistakes found in its first review of whether these products are being sold in the United States at less than fair value. Background and Investigation The investigation began with a publication on May 12, 2025. Companies from China, such as Shaoneng Group Guangdong Luzhou Eco Technology Co., Ltd., Shaoneng Group Luzhou Eco (Xinfeng) Technology Co., Ltd., and Zhejiang Zhongxin Environmental Protection Technology Group Co., Ltd. said the Department made some errors. These mistakes included missing some producer names and using the wrong amount for electricity costs. Errors Corrected The Department agrees with the companies. It fixed the list of exporter-producer combinations. It also corrected the rate for the company group called Zhongxin Group, because it had used the wrong number for electricity in its calculations. Since the rate for other companies was based on Zhongxin Group’s numbers, these rates were also changed. The changes in rates were large, more than five percentage points, which is considered significant. New Cash Deposit and Dumping Margin Rates The Department has listed new rates. Here are some examples: Zhejiang Zhongxin Environmental Protection Technology Group Co., Ltd. and related companies: 136.54% estimated dumping margin, 136.27% cash deposit rate. Many other exporter-producer combinations: 110.30% estimated dumping margin, 110.16% cash deposit rate. China-wide Entity: 477.97% rate (based on facts available with adverse inferences). These rates show by how much products from China are considered by the Department to be sold below fair value in the U.S. Retroactive Changes The new cash deposit rates will be used starting from May 12, 2025. This is the same date as the first publication of the preliminary decision. This means that money collected for imports after this date will use the new rates. Notification The Department will tell the U.S. International Trade Commission about these changes. All parties interested will be notified. Scope of the Investigation The investigation covers all thermoformed molded fiber products from China. These goods are made from cellulose fibers, shaped and dried in heated molds. Items include plates, bowls, trays, food containers, and packaging. They may have different sizes, shapes, and finishes. They are usually dense and have smooth surfaces. They can be made from any fiber source, may be printed, colored, or include different chemicals for function. Some products are not included in this investigation, such as: Products already covered by other orders on paper plates from China, Thailand, and Vietnam. Products imported as packaging around other final goods, like molded fiber around mobile phones. Products processed in a third country are still included if they match the description. The main customs codes used are 4823.70.0020 and 4823.70.0040 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS), but other codes may also apply. Conclusion These changes affect the rates and cash deposits for all the companies involved in importing thermoformed molded fiber products from China. The Department has corrected the mistakes and updated the rules moving forward. This update is required by law and was dated June 5, 2025. Source: Federal Register, Volume 90, Number 111, June 11, 2025 Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Finalizes Antidumping Duties on Corrosion Inhibitors from China for 2023-2024 Estimated reading time: 5–7 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce has announced the final results of its administrative review regarding antidumping duties on certain corrosion inhibitors from China for the period of March 1, 2023, to February 29, 2024. Background The review was first published on January 2, 2025. It covers two main producers and exporters: Anhui Trust Chem Co., Ltd. (ATC), including Jiangsu Trust Chem Co., Ltd. and Nanjing Trust Chem Co., Ltd., treated as a single entity, and Nantong Botao Chemical Co., Ltd. (Botao). The review also included Gold Chemical Limited, a separate rate applicant. The review period was delayed by 90 days, making July 8, 2025, the deadline for the final results. Companies and Results Commerce determined that the following estimated weighted-average dumping margins apply for entries during the review period: Exporter Weighted-Average Dumping Margin (percent) Anhui Trust Chem Co., Ltd.; Jiangsu Trust Chem Co., Ltd.; Nanjing Trust Chem Co., Ltd. (treated jointly as ATC) 128.88 Nantong Botao Chemical Co., Ltd. 128.54 Gold Chemical Limited (separate rate applicant) 128.76 China-Wide Entity The China-wide entity was not under review since no parties requested a review and Commerce did not self-initiate. The rate for the China-wide entity remains 241.02 percent. Changes and Analysis Commerce considered comments from interested parties and made changes to the final results, explained in the detailed Issues and Decision Memorandum, available via the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS) at https://access.trade.gov. Assessment Rates U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) will assess antidumping duties on all relevant entries. Instructions for assessments will be issued no earlier than 35 days after this notice is published. If a timely summons is filed with the U.S. Court of International Trade, instructions may be delayed for up to 90 days. Where companies did not report the entered value, CBP will use a per-unit duty assessment rate. If an importer’s rate is less than 0.5 percent, their entries will not be subject to duties. Sales not reported by ATC or Botao will be assessed at the China-wide rate. Non-selected separate rate applicants will be assessed the average of the rates for ATC and Botao. Cash Deposit Requirements New cash deposit rates take effect for shipments entered, or withdrawn for consumption, after the publication date: Reviewed companies receive the rates shown above. Companies with previously established separate rates keep their last rate. All Chinese exporters without a separate rate receive the China-wide rate of 241.02 percent. Non-Chinese exporters without their own rate receive the rate of the Chinese supplier. These requirements remain until further notice. Reminders for Importers Importers must file certificates regarding reimbursement of antidumping and/or countervailing duties. Failure to comply may result in double duties or duties increased by the amount of countervailing duties. Administrative Protective Order Parties under an administrative protective order must return or destroy proprietary information according to U.S. regulations. Failure to comply is a violation. Official Notification This notice is issued under U.S. law sections 751(a)(1) and 777(i)(1), and specific regulations. For more details, the public may access the full Issues and Decision Memorandum, which includes discussion on surrogate financial ratios, surrogate values for sodium nitrite and labor rates, and customs liquidation instructions. Dated: May 29, 2025 Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, Enforcement and Compliance. Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Finds Vanillin From China Is Sold Below Fair Value Estimated reading time: 3–5 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce has announced a final decision about vanillin from China. The Department found that vanillin from China is being, or is likely to be, sold in the United States at less than fair value. Investigation Period The period of investigation was from October 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024. Key Details This decision follows a preliminary decision published on January 16, 2025. The final decision includes findings after verifying the sales and production records from Jiangxi Brother Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Standard verification methods were used. These included checking business and accounting records and other original documents provided by Jiangxi Brother. Scope of the Case Vanillin covered by this case includes: Natural vanillin Synthetic vanillin Bio-sourced synthetic vanillin (biovanillin) Ethylvanillin It includes all forms, regardless of purity, particle size, or physical form. The covered vanillin falls under U.S. tariff codes 2912.41.0000 and 2912.42.0000. The relevant Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) numbers are 121-33-5 and 121-32-4. Final Rates Set The Department assigned the following final dumping rates for vanillin from China, for the period investigated: Exporter Producer Dumping Margin (%) Cash Deposit Rate (%) Jiangxi Brother Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Jiangxi Brother Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 190.20 190.15 Chongqing Thrive Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. Chongqing Thrive Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. 190.20 190.15 HongKong Wictive Merchants Co., Ltd. Kunshan Asia Aroma Corp., Ltd. 190.20 190.15 Kunshan Asia Aroma Corp., Ltd. Kunshan Asia Aroma Corp., Ltd. 190.20 190.15 Mianyang Sunshine Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. Mianyang Sunshine Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. 190.20 190.15 Shanghai Fuxin Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Jiaxing Zhonghua Chemical Co., Ltd. 190.20 190.15 Shenzhen Siyomicro Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. Shenzhen Siyomicro Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. 190.20 190.15 Wuxi Lotus Essence Co., Ltd. Jiaxing Zhonghua Chemical Co., Ltd. 190.20 190.15 Xiamen Bestally Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Xiamen Oamic Biotech Co., Ltd. 190.20 190.15 China-Wide Entity — 379.87* 379.82* * The China-Wide Entity rate is based on facts available and uses adverse inferences. Separate Rates and Combination Rates The Department evaluated requests for separate rates and combination rates. No changes were made since the preliminary determination regarding separate rate status. Combination rates were calculated for companies eligible for separate rates, following Department Policy Bulletin 05.1. Suspension of Liquidation U.S. Customs and Border Protection will continue to suspend the liquidation for all covered entries of vanillin from China that were entered or withdrawn for consumption on or after January 16, 2025. These instructions will stay in effect until further notice. Cash deposits are required at the rates listed above for each producer/exporter combination. For other Chinese producers/exporters not listed, the rate for the China-Wide Entity will apply. For third-country exporters not listed, the rate for the supplier, or, if needed, the China-Wide rate applies. Adjustment for Export Subsidies The Department will adjust the final duty rates by export subsidy rates as needed. If both dumping and subsidy findings are confirmed, the deposit rate will be lowered by the export subsidy amount. Next Steps The Department has sent its decision to the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC). The ITC must decide if the domestic U.S. industry has been injured by vanillin imports from China. The ITC has 45 days to make this decision. If the ITC finds no injury or threat, the investigation ends and cash deposits will be returned. If the ITC finds injury, the Department will issue an antidumping order and duties will be collected. This notice was published on June 6, 2025. Legal Reference The notice was signed by Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance. Citations and Reference Information The full legal title is “Vanillin From the People’s Republic of China: Final Affirmative Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value.” Federal Register Volume 90, Number 108 (Friday, June 6, 2025), pages 24093-24095. For more details, see the Issues and Decision Memorandum linked at here. Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Commerce Department Finds Countervailable Subsidies for Vanillin from China Estimated reading time: 3–5 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce has made a final affirmative determination in its investigation of vanillin from the People’s Republic of China. This means that the Department found producers and exporters in China received unfair financial help, called countervailable subsidies. Investigation Details The investigation focused on one company, Jiaxing Guihua Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd. (Guihua). The period of investigation was from January 1, 2023 through December 31, 2023. The Department used their normal procedures to check information given by Guihua and used official documents during the process. Scope of the Investigation The products in this investigation include all types of vanillin from China. This covers natural vanillin, synthetic vanillin, bio-sourced vanillin (biovanillin), and ethylvanillin. These are chemical compounds used as flavorings. Vanillin under this investigation has Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) numbers 121-33-5 or 121-32-4. It must fall under U.S. tariff codes 2912.41.0000 and 2912.42.0000, regardless of its purity, particle size, or physical form. No changes were made to the scope after the preliminary findings. Subsidy Programs and Methodology Commerce examined many programs to see if they gave a financial advantage to Chinese companies. If a program had a financial contribution by the government, gave a benefit, and was specific, it was seen as a subsidy. Changes were made since the preliminary determination, especially in how Commerce calculated the costs for caustic soda, sulfuric acid, and hydrogen peroxide. The details about these changes and the full list of issues discussed are included in the official Issues and Decision Memorandum. Final Subsidy Rates The Department found that Jiaxing Guihua Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd. benefited from subsidies at a rate of 42.10 percent ad valorem. All other producers and exporters of vanillin in China received the same rate of 42.10 percent. Suspension of Liquidation Customs and Border Protection was directed to collect cash deposits and suspend liquidation (final processing) of imported vanillin from China entered into the United States from November 18, 2024, to March 17, 2025. Entries on or after March 18, 2025, were not suspended, but suspension would start again if the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) issues a final positive injury decision. If the ITC finds injury to the U.S. vanillin industry, Commerce will order permanent suspension and collect countervailing duties based on the rates listed. If the ITC says there is no injury, all collected deposits will be refunded or cancelled. Next Steps The ITC has up to 45 days to decide if the U.S. vanillin industry is injured by these imports. If injury is found, final duties will be collected. If not, the investigation ends and deposits are refunded. For more information and full legal details, the Issues and Decision Memorandum is available online via the Department of Commerce’s website. Summary The U.S. government has officially found that Chinese vanillin producers, especially Jiaxing Guihua Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd., benefited from unfair subsidies in 2023. A final duty rate of 42.10 percent has been set for all Chinese exporters of vanillin if the ITC confirms injury to U.S. industry. The process now awaits the ITC’s injury decision. Legal Disclaimer This article includes content collected from the Federal Register (federalregister.gov). The content is not an official government publication. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Keeps Antidumping Duties on Brown Aluminum Oxide From China Estimated reading time: 1–3 minutes On June 4, 2025, the U.S. Department of Commerce published its final results for the fourth “sunset review” of antidumping duties on refined brown aluminum oxide from China. Commerce decided that canceling (revoking) the duties would likely lead to more dumping of this material at very high rates. The review looked at refined brown aluminum oxide, which is also called brown fused alumina or artificial corundum. This product comes from China. The antidumping duty order has been in place since November 19, 2003. The review is required every five years under U.S. law (section 751(c) of the Tariff Act of 1930). Domestic companies in the U.S. took part in this review. They included Great Lakes Minerals, LLC, Imerys Niagara Falls, Inc., U.S. Electrofused Minerals, Inc., and Washington Mills. These companies said they wanted to keep the duties in place. The Department of Commerce did not get any participation from companies in China. After looking at all information, Commerce found that if the order were removed, dumping by Chinese companies would likely start again or get worse. The likely dumping rate would be as high as 135.18 percent. Commerce’s final decision is detailed in a public “Issues and Decision Memorandum.” This document is available at the Enforcement and Compliance’s Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS) online at https://access.trade.gov. This notice also tells all involved parties to follow the rules for handling confidential information. If they had access to protected information during the review, they must return or destroy it according to the instructions. Commerce’s decision was signed by Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations. The results of this review were made official on June 4, 2025, and keep the existing antidumping duties in place. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Makes Preliminary Decision on Ceramic Abrasive Grains From China Estimated reading time: 7 minutes U.S. Makes Preliminary Decision on Ceramic Abrasive Grains From China The U.S. Department of Commerce has made a preliminary decision. It says sol gel alumina-based ceramic abrasive grains from China are being sold in the U.S. at less than fair value. The decision was announced on June 2, 2025. The investigation covers sales from April 1, 2024, to September 30, 2024. Background of the Case The Department started the investigation in January 2025. It noted a possible error in the scope and fixed it with a correction. The Commerce team studied all facts and evidence. The investigation followed the procedures in the Tariff Act of 1930. Scope of the Investigation The investigation covers sol gel alumina-based ceramic abrasive grains. These grains are made mostly of aluminum oxide (at least 94%). They can include titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, and other compounds. Grain sizes range from 0.85 mm to 0.0395 mm. The grains can be different shapes, such as sharp, round, triangular, or blocky. They have special crystal structures. These give the grains high hardness (16-22 gigapascals by the Vickers Diamond Indent Method) and a high melting point (2050°C). The grains can look blue, white, or off-white. These abrasive grains are included in the investigation even if they are put into other products. This includes grinding wheels and abrasive papers. Only the grains are included, not the whole product. The grains are usually traded under specific tariff codes, but the written description is the deciding factor. Comments on the Scope The Department allowed comments on the product coverage. A company, Weiler Corporation, gave comments, but the Department did not change the scope at this point. Investigation Results The Department used certain rules because no respondent qualified for a separate rate. The China-wide entity received a preliminary weighted-average dumping margin of 88.32 percent. The cash deposit rate, after adjusting for subsidy offsets, is set at 72.22 percent. Suspension of Liquidation The Department will direct U.S. Customs and Border Protection to suspend entries of the goods. This starts from the date notice is published in the Federal Register. Importers must pay a cash deposit, based on the margin above. If measures in a related countervailing duty investigation end, the deposits may change. These instructions will stay until further notice. No Calculations to Disclose No calculations will be shown to the public because the Department used facts available and adverse inferences. There are no specific calculations to share. No Verification The Department will not run further checks. This is because the main respondents did not give the needed data and were found uncooperative. Next Steps and Public Comment Anyone interested can submit briefs or written comments. These must be sent within 30 days after this notice. Rebuttal briefs are due five days after case briefs. All briefs must include a table of contents and a table of authorities. People may also request a hearing. Requests need to be filed within 30 days, and must contain contact details and a list of topics. Final Determination and Commission Notification The Department will make a final decision within 75 days after this preliminary notice. The U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) will use this decision to check if there is harm to the U.S. industry. If the final result is affirmative, the ITC will decide if the imports injure or threaten U.S. producers. Official Contact For questions, contact Thomas Cloyd at the U.S. Department of Commerce, (202) 482-1246. Reference This notice is signed by Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations. The official text is published in the Federal Register, Volume 90, Number 104, on June 2, 2025. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Starts Five-Year Trade Reviews for Certain Chinese Products Estimated reading time: 5–10 minutes Details of the Review This review covers certain goods from China. Both antidumping and countervailing duty orders are included. The U.S. International Trade Commission is doing its own review at the same time. The reviews started on June 2, 2025. Products Under Review Calcium Hypochlorite (A-570-008 and C-570-009) – second review Collated Steel Staples (A-570-112 and C-570-113) – first review Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide (A-570-919) – third review Lightweight Thermal Paper (A-570-920 and C-570-921) – third review Contact people for these reviews at the Commerce Department are Thomas Martin, (202) 482-3936, and Mary Kolberg, (202) 482-1785. How the Review Works The Commerce Department will follow its published rules on how to do Sunset Reviews. These rules are found in Federal Register notices from March 20, 1998; October 28, 2005; and February 14, 2012. Information for the Public People can find details about the review process on the Commerce Department website at https://enforcement.trade.gov/sunset/. All documents must follow specific formatting, translation, and electronic filing rules. These are in 19 CFR 351.303. Parties must certify that the information they give is correct and complete. The format for these certifications is in 19 CFR 351.303(g). Commerce will reject information if these rules are not followed. Participation Steps Anyone wanting to take part must file a letter of appearance as per 19 CFR 351.103(d). To get on the public list early, interested parties should submit their entry of appearance within 10 days of this notice. The Commerce Department still has some special rules about serving documents that have private business information because of COVID-19. These were announced on July 10, 2020. What Interested Parties Must Do Domestic interested parties must file a notice of intent to participate within 15 days of the June 2, 2025 notice. What needs to be in the notice is in 19 CFR 351.218(d)(1)(ii). If no domestic party files in time, the order will be revoked automatically, as per 19 CFR 351.218(d)(1)(iii). If there is a valid notice, all parties must file a full substantive response within 30 days after June 2, 2025. The requirements for these responses are in 19 CFR 351.218(d)(3). There are different information requirements for domestic parties and respondents. Commerce’s rules are separate from the ITC’s rules. Terms are defined in 19 CFR part 351. Commerce amended service of documents in 19 CFR 351.303(f). Electronic documents must be fully received by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on due dates. Executive Summaries Required Parties filing comments are asked to provide an executive summary for each issue at the beginning of their comments. Public executive summaries should be no longer than 450 words per issue, not counting citations. These summaries will be used in the final decision document that will be published. Proper citations must be included in footnotes in the summaries. Key Dates Notice Published: June 2, 2025 Notice of Intent to Participate deadline: 15 days from June 2, 2025 Substantive Response deadline: 30 days from June 2, 2025 This public notice was signed by Scot Fullerton, Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Operations, on May 16, 2025. The notice was officially published as document FR Doc. 2025-09939. Contact Information Commerce Department: AD/CVD Operations, Enforcement and Compliance, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230. ITC Contact: Mary Messer, Office of Investigations, U.S. International Trade Commission, (202) 205-3193. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Finds Chinese Overhead Door Torsion Springs Sold Below Fair Value Estimated reading time: 5–6 minutes U.S. Finds Chinese Overhead Door Torsion Springs Sold Below Fair Value On June 2, 2025, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced its preliminary findings in an important trade investigation. The Department found that overhead door counterbalance torsion springs from the People’s Republic of China are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at less than fair value (LTFV). Investigation Details The investigation looks at torsion springs made in China. These springs are used to open and close overhead doors, including garage, warehouse, and trailer doors. The time frame of the investigation is from April 1, 2024, to September 30, 2024. The U.S. Department of Commerce began this investigation in November 2024. On March 11, 2025, the Department delayed the preliminary findings until May 27, 2025. Scope of the Investigation The investigation covers helically-wound, counterbalance torsion steel springs with cones or similar fittings attached or sold with them. These springs must have a coil inside diameter of 15.8 mm or more, but not more than 304.8 mm, a wire diameter between 2.5 mm and 20.4 mm, and a length of at least 127 mm. The springs may be made from any type of steel wire, of any shape, any winding direction, any end type, any coating, and may or may not have hardware attached. The investigation includes springs sold as part of kits. Some products are not included, such as leaf, disc, extension, compression, and spiral springs. Method and Margins According to the law, Commerce looks at both company-specific and country-wide sales practices. The Department used facts available with adverse inferences for the China-wide entity, including the main companies checked: Foshan Nanhai Xulong Spring Factory and Tianjin Wangxia Spring Co Ltd. This means these companies did not give required data and were not cooperative. The estimated weighted-average dumping margin for most Chinese producers and exporters is 734.33 percent. For all other Chinese companies (the “China-wide entity”), the rate is 778.31 percent. Affected Companies and Rates Examples of producer/exporter pairs with the 734.33 percent rate include: Suzhou Shunchi Hardware Co., Ltd / Chi Hardware Corporation Limited Hangzhou Fuxing Spring Co., Ltd / Hangzhou Fuxing Spring Co., Ltd Tianjin Gangzhen Auto Parts Co., Ltd / Hebei Meirui Metals & Minerals Co., Ltd MFG Direct (Ningbo) Limited / MFG Direct (Ningbo) Limited Full details are available in the Federal Register notice. Suspension of Liquidation and Cash Deposits U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) will suspend liquidation of these imports and will require a cash deposit equal to the dumping margin shown above. If the related countervailing duty (CVD) investigation’s measures expire first, CBP will use the dumping margin without subsidy offset adjustments. Next Steps and Comments Interested parties may comment on the findings within 30 days of the notice’s publication. Rebuttal briefs are due five days after case briefs. Parties can request a hearing. The Department of Commerce will make a final determination within 75 days of this preliminary announcement. If the final decision is positive, the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) will decide if imports harm or threaten U.S. industry. Full Details The decision, including a description of products and full methods, can be found in the Federal Register, Volume 90, Number 104, June 2, 2025. For more information, visit https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Postpones Preliminary Decision in China Polypropylene Corrugated Boxes Investigation Estimated reading time: 2–3 minutes The United States Department of Commerce has postponed its preliminary decision in a trade investigation about polypropylene corrugated boxes (PCBs) from the People’s Republic of China. The investigation began on April 7, 2025. The Department of Commerce wants to find out if imports of these boxes from China receive unfair government support, also known as countervailable subsidies. The original deadline for the preliminary decision was June 11, 2025. On May 21, 2025, the petitioners asked the Department of Commerce to delay the decision. The petitioners are four companies: CoolSeal USA Inc., Inteplast Group Corporation, SeaCa Plastic Packaging, and Technology Container Corp. They said more time was needed to review early responses and to ask for extra information. According to the law, the Department of Commerce can extend the deadline for up to 130 days from the start of the investigation. The law also says that the request must be made 25 days or more before the deadline, and the Department must give the delay unless there is a big reason not to. The Department of Commerce agreed with the petitioners’ reasons and decided to postpone. The new deadline for the preliminary determination is August 15, 2025. The final decision in the investigation will be due 75 days after the new preliminary decision date. The notice about this postponement was signed by Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, on May 23, 2025. These steps are required under U.S. trade law and regulations. The Department will keep reviewing information from all parties. The investigation will continue. More updates will follow as new information and decisions become available. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Aligns Final Duty Decision on Chinese Ceramic Abrasive Grains Estimated reading time: 2–4 minutes On May 29, 2025, the United States Department of Commerce published a notice about its trade investigations into sol gel alumina-based ceramic abrasive grains from China. On January 6, 2025, Commerce started two investigations on these products from China. One is a countervailing duty (CVD) investigation to see if Chinese manufacturers received unfair government help. The other is a less-than-fair-value (LTFV) investigation to see if these products are sold in the United States at prices lower than in China. Both investigations cover the same type of ceramic abrasive grains. On May 19, 2025, the company Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics Inc., who is the petitioner, asked the Department of Commerce to align the final CVD determination with the final LTFV determination. This request was made according to Section 705(a)(1) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended. In response, Commerce decided to align the final decisions for both investigations. This means the final decision for the CVD investigation will come out on the same date as the LTFV investigation’s decision. Currently, the final determinations are scheduled to be issued no later than August 11, 2025. This date can be changed if the investigations are postponed. This announcement follows the legal process stated in section 705(a)(1) of the Tariff Act and 19 CFR 351.210(b)(4)(i). The notice was signed by Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Postpones Preliminary Decision in Fiberglass Door Panels Investigation Estimated reading time: 2–3 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce has announced a postponement in its countervailing duty investigation into fiberglass door panels imported from the People’s Republic of China. The notice was published in the Federal Register on May 29, 2025. The Department of Commerce started this investigation on April 9, 2025. The countervailing duty process usually requires a preliminary decision within 65 days of starting the investigation. This means the original due date for the preliminary determination was June 13, 2025. According to section 703(c)(1) of the Tariff Act of 1930, Commerce can postpone the preliminary date up to 130 days after starting the investigation. The rules allow this if the group that started the investigation, called the petitioner, asks for more time and gives reasons for the request. The petitioner in this case is the American Fiberglass Door Coalition. On May 19, 2025, the petitioner officially asked Commerce to delay the preliminary determination. The reason given was to ensure Commerce has enough time to carefully review all the answers from involved parties, ask for more information, and clear up any questions before reaching a decision. Commerce checked the petitioner’s request and found no reason to deny it. Therefore, the agency has postponed the preliminary determination. The new due date is no later than August 18, 2025. This postponement follows from federal regulations that move deadlines to the next business day if they land on a weekend or holiday. The final determination in this investigation will still be due 75 days after the preliminary determination. This notice was issued and published according to U.S. law and Commerce Department regulations. The notice is signed by Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations. He is performing the duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance. For more information, contact Sam Brummitt at the U.S. Department of Commerce. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Finds Malaysia Circumventing MSG Antidumping Order on China Estimated reading time: 3–5 minutes On May 29, 2025, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced its final decision that imports of monosodium glutamate (MSG) completed in Malaysia using glutamic acid from China are circumventing the U.S. antidumping duty (AD) order on MSG from China. This decision is based on a detailed investigation. The Department published a preliminary determination in February 2025. The Department then notified the U.S. International Trade Commission. The ITC did not request consultations. Case briefs were submitted by CPF Legacy, LLC, JEFI Enterprise (USA) Inc., and Ajinomoto Health & Nutrition North America, Inc. on April 28, 2025. Rebuttal letters were filed by these parties on May 5, 2025. The deadline for the final determination was extended to May 22, 2025. The Department found that MSG finished in Malaysia using Chinese-origin glutamic acid, and then exported to the U.S., is covered by the scope of the 2015 antidumping duty order on MSG from China. This includes MSG “blended or in solution with other products” at 15 percent or more MSG by dry weight, in various forms and packaging. A full description of the product scope is in Appendix I of the notice. The Department used facts available, with adverse inferences, especially for Ajinoriki MSG Sdn Bhd, because Ajinoriki did not participate in required on-site verification. As a result, Ajinoriki is no longer eligible to certify that its shipments to the U.S. do not contain Chinese-origin glutamic acid. The Department also applied findings to all other non-responsive Malaysian companies listed in the notice. The Department is making this determination on a country-wide basis. The earlier certification process, which allowed verification of product origin, is now removed. Customs and Border Protection will suspend liquidation and require a cash deposit of estimated duties on all covered MSG from Malaysia that uses Chinese glutamic acid. This applies to entries imported since November 4, 2021, the date new circumvention regulations became effective, and also on or after May 15, 2024, the date this inquiry started. The antidumping cash deposit rate for affected MSG entries from Malaysia will be 56.54 percent, which is the China-wide rate. The Department created a new case number for these entries: Malaysia A-557-992-000. These requirements will stay in effect until further notice. Companies may request administrative reviews in each anniversary month of the AD order, with the next window in November 2025. This final country-wide finding is published under the authority granted by U.S. federal law and regulations. For further details or questions, contact Thomas Cloyd, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Enforcement and Compliance. The Issues and Decision Memorandum is available online at https://access.trade.gov. The written description in the official notice is controlling for the merchandise covered by this order. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Department of Commerce Finds Hard Empty Capsules from China Are Sold Below Fair Value Estimated reading time: 3–6 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) has made a preliminary decision that hard empty capsules from the People’s Republic of China (China) are being sold in the United States for less than fair value. This notice was published in the Federal Register on May 29, 2025. The period of investigation covered April 1, 2024, through September 30, 2024. Commerce invites interested parties to comment on this preliminary finding. Background Commerce started this investigation on November 20, 2024. The preliminary determination, initially scheduled earlier, was postponed to May 22, 2025. The full details about the events and methodology can be found in the related Preliminary Decision Memorandum, which is available online for registered users. Scope of the Investigation The investigation covers hard empty capsules from China. These are capsules made of two prefabricated, hollow cylindrical sections (cap and body). They are unfilled and composed of at least 80 percent water-soluble, non-toxic polymer that is fit for human or animal use, such as gelatin, HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), or pullulan. The capsules may include colorants, opacifiers, plasticizers, and other additives. They are included regardless of size, material, markings, or how they are imported (together or separately). The subject capsules are typically classifiable under subheadings 9602.00.1040 and 9602.00.5010 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS). Other possible subheadings include 1905.90.9090 (general), 3503.00.5510 (gelatin capsules), 3923.90.0080 (HPMC capsules), and 2106.90.9998 (pullulan capsules). However, the written scope description is controlling. Product Coverage and Scope Comments Commerce provided time for parties to comment on product coverage. It received and reviewed comments but did not change the scope as a result. Further guidance and the summary of comments are found in the Preliminary Scope Decision Memorandum. Methodology The investigation follows section 731 of the Tariff Act. Since China is treated as a non-market economy, Commerce calculated export prices and normal values using rules specific to such countries. In the case of Shandong Healsee Capsule Ltd. (Shandong Healsee), Commerce applied facts available with adverse inferences to estimate dumping margins. Separate Rate Companies and China-wide Entity Commerce granted separate rates to certain companies not individually examined. For companies not selected for individual examination, the rate is based on a weighted average of the rates for the main examined exporters, Shandong Healsee and Shanxi JC Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanxi JC). The same rate was given to the China-wide entity. Preliminary Dumping Margins The following are the estimated weighted-average dumping margins: Shandong Healsee Capsule Ltd.: 172.24% Shanxi JC Biological Technology Co., Ltd.: 5.40% Guizhou Guang De Li Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.; Hebei Kangxin Plant Capsule Co., Ltd.; Hubei Kornnac Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Jiangsu Lefan Capsule Co., Ltd.; Jiujiang Angtai Capsule Co., Ltd.; Qingdao Yiqing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Shaanxi Genex Bio-Tech Co., Ltd.; Shanghai Guang De Li Capsule Co., Ltd.; Shanxi Guangsheng Medicinal Capsule Co., Ltd.; Shaoxing Kangke Capsule Co., Ltd.; Shaoxing Renhe Capsule Co., Ltd.; Xinchang County Hexin Capsule Co., Ltd.; Xinchang County No.6 Capsule Factory; Shaoxing Kangke Capsule Co., Ltd.; Zhejiang Huaguang Capsule Co., Ltd.; Shanxi Guangsheng Capsule Co., Ltd.; Zhejiang Pujiang Enerkang Capsule Co., Ltd.; Yantai Oriental Pharmacap Co., Ltd.; Ningbo Capsulcn Capsule Co., Ltd.; Shaoxing Zhongya Capsules Industry Co., Ltd.; Shandong Healsee Capsule Ltd.; Zhejiang Guangjuyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Zhejiang Huaguang Capsule Co., Ltd.; Zhejiang Huili Capsules Co., Ltd.; Zhejiang Lujian Capsule Co., Ltd: 88.82% China-wide Entity: 88.82% Liquidation and Cash Deposit U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) will suspend liquidation of the subject merchandise entered or withdrawn from warehouses for consumption on or after May 29, 2025. Cash deposits will be required in amounts equal to the above margins. Verification Commerce will verify the data used in its final decision, as provided in section 782(i)(1) of the Act. Public Comments Parties can submit briefs or comments after the last verification report is issued. Rebuttal briefs must be filed no later than five days after the initial brief. Each brief and rebuttal should begin with an executive summary for each issue, limited to 450 words per issue. Parties who want a hearing must make a written request within 30 days of the publication of this notice. Postponement of Final Determination Following requests from Shandong Healsee, Shanxi JC, and the petitioner (Lonza Greenwood LLC), the final determination has been postponed. The final determination will be made no more than 135 days after May 29, 2025. International Trade Commission Notification Commerce will notify the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) of this preliminary finding. If the final determination is affirmative, the ITC will decide whether imports are causing harm or threaten harm to the U.S. industry. Official Issuance This notice was issued by Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, on May 22, 2025. All further details, including scope definitions and a list of topics discussed in the preliminary memorandum, can be found in the official Federal Register notice and its appendices. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.  

U.S. Continues Antidumping Duty Order on Mattresses From China Estimated reading time: 4–6 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) has announced the continuation of the antidumping duty (AD) order on mattresses from the People’s Republic of China (China). This announcement follows determinations by both Commerce and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC). Reason for Continuation Commerce and the ITC decided that ending the AD order would probably result in more dumped mattresses coming from China. Dumping means selling products at prices lower than in the home market or below the cost of production. The agencies found that if the order ended, U.S. mattress makers could be harmed again. Background The AD order on mattresses from China started on December 16, 2019. A required sunset review process began in November 2024. In the review, Commerce found that ending the order would bring back dumping. The ITC decided that this would likely cause harm, called “material injury,” to the U.S. mattress industry. Which Mattresses Are Covered The order covers all types of youth and adult mattresses. These must have a “core” for support. The core can be made of springs, foam, or other fillings. Adult mattresses must be more than 35 inches wide, 72 inches long, and 3 inches deep. Types include twin, full, queen, king, and California king. Youth mattresses must be more than 27 inches wide, 51 inches long, and over 1 inch deep. Crib mattresses can be up to 6 inches deep. Types include crib, toddler, and youth mattresses. The order applies to innerspring, non-innerspring, and hybrid mattresses. Hybrid mattresses have two or more support types, such as memory foam and springs. Non-innerspring mattresses are made with foam or other fillings. Mattresses imported by themselves, as part of furniture, or with a mattress foundation are covered. Only the mattress part is covered if it is imported with other furniture or as a set. Exclusions Certain items are not covered: Futon mattresses (tufted and without innersprings or foam) Airbeds and waterbeds (air or liquid-filled beds) Certain furniture that turns into beds if the mattress part is built into the furniture and inseparable Products already under the order for uncovered innerspring units from China (since 2009) Product Codes The products are listed under specific Harmonized Tariff Schedule for the United States (HTSUS) codes. These include 9404.21.0010, 9404.21.0013, 9404.29.1005, 9404.29.1013, 9404.29.9085, 9404.29.9087, and others. The written description is the final guide on what is covered. What Happens Next The continuation of the order is effective from May 20, 2025. U.S. Customs will keep collecting antidumping cash deposits at current rates for all covered mattresses from China. Commerce will next review this order in five years. Reminder on Confidentiality Commerce reminds all parties with access to confidential information to handle it properly under protection rules. This notice is published under the relevant laws and regulations. The determination and continuation are signed by Abdelali Elouaradia, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, on May 21, 2025. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

Commerce Department Finds Subsidies for Chinese Active Anode Material Estimated reading time: 4–6 minutes The U.S. Department of Commerce has made a preliminary decision. It found that producers and exporters in China are getting countervailable subsidies for active anode material. The finding comes after an investigation covering January 1, 2023, through December 31, 2023. What Is Active Anode Material? Active anode material is used in batteries. It is graphite with at least 90 percent carbon. It may have synthetic or natural graphite, or a mix of both. It might also be mixed with silicon materials or additives like carbon black. It can be in powder, liquid, or block forms. It is covered even if imported as part of a mixture or a battery. Companies Covered in the Investigation The Department looked at several companies. These include Panasonic Global Procurement China Co., Ltd. and its partner, Panasonic Corporation of China. Together, they work with suppliers such as BTR New Material Group and its affiliates. Shanghai Shaosheng Knitted Sweat and Huzhou Kaijin New Energy Technology Corp., Ltd. were also examined. Initial Findings and Subsidy Rates The Department set subsidy rates for these companies. The results are: Panasonic Global Procurement China Co., Ltd. and Panasonic Corporation of China: 6.55 percent. Shanghai Shaosheng Knitted Sweat: 721.03 percent (this rate is based on facts available with adverse inferences). Huzhou Kaijin New Energy Technology Corp., Ltd.: 721.03 percent (this rate is also based on facts available with adverse inferences). All other producers and exporters: 6.55 percent. The highest rates were assigned when companies did not provide enough information to the Department. Next Steps in the Investigation U.S. Customs and Border Protection will now suspend liquidation of the imports listed above. This means imports of active anode material from China will need a cash deposit equal to the above rates. The Department will check the information in the final review, called verification. The final decision will be made on the same date as the companion antidumping investigation. That is now set for no later than September 29, 2025, unless postponed. How to Comment or Take Part Companies and parties interested in this investigation can comment. They can send case briefs or comments on the determination. They can also request a hearing by giving their name, address, and which issues they want to discuss. These requests must be made within 30 days of the notice. International Review The U.S. International Trade Commission will be informed of this decision. If the final finding is also affirmative, the Commission will decide if these imports hurt U.S. industry. Where to Find More Information The full details and reasoning are provided in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. Public documents are available online at https://access.trade.gov. Product Scope and Customs Active anode material is usually listed under these U.S. customs codes: 2504.10.5000 and 3801.10.5000. Other possible codes include 2504.10.1000 and 3801.90.0000. The written scope in the investigation is the final word. Summary The Department of Commerce believes Chinese producers of active anode material are receiving financial backing from the Chinese government. This investigation is ongoing. Interested parties should review the findings and take action if needed. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Extends Duties on Stainless Pressure Pipe Imports from China Estimated reading time: 1–3 minutes On May 28, 2025, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced it will continue its antidumping and countervailing duty orders for circular welded austenitic stainless pressure pipe from China. This decision follows findings by both the Department of Commerce and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC). The Department of Commerce and ITC agreed that removing these duties would likely cause more dumping—when products are sold at less than fair value—and let unfair government subsidies continue. They also found that ending the duties could hurt U.S. companies that make these pipes. The duties first started in March 2009. Since then, the U.S. government has checked every five years to see if the duties are still needed. This latest check is the third five-year “sunset review” for these orders. What Is Covered The orders apply to circular welded austenitic stainless pressure pipe that is up to 14 inches wide. The pipe covered includes products made to meet ASTM A-312 or ASTM A-778 standards or similar standards from other countries. The orders do not cover mechanical tubing, certain boiler or heat exchanger tubes, and special tubing made to other ASTM standards. Most of these pipes are listed in certain Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) codes. The exact product description controls which items the orders cover. Next Steps U.S. Customs and Border Protection will keep collecting the antidumping and countervailing duty deposits on all covered pipe from China at current rates. The official continuation began on May 21, 2025, the same day the ITC shared its final decision. The Department of Commerce will begin another five-year review of these orders on or before the fifth anniversary of this latest decision. Rules for Businesses The notice also reminds parties involved to return or destroy private information they received during this review process, according to federal rules. This decision and the duties are being continued under U.S. law, following sections 751(c), 751(d)(2), and 777(i) of the Tariff Act of 1930 and related regulations. The Deputy Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, Abdelali Elouaradia, signed the order on May 21, 2025. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Announces Final Antidumping Duty Results for Xanthan Gum Imports from China Estimated reading time: 3–5 minutes U.S. Department of Commerce Releases Final Review Results The U.S. Department of Commerce has released the final results of its administrative review of antidumping duties on xanthan gum from the People’s Republic of China. The review covers the period from July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023. Companies Reviewed and Determined Dumping Margins Commerce determined that Deosen Biochemical (Ordos) Ltd. (Deosen) and Neimenggu Fufeng Biotechnologies Co., Ltd. (Fufeng Group, including Inner Mongolia Fufeng Biotechnologies Co., Ltd., Shandong Fufeng Fermentation Co., Ltd., and Xinjiang Fufeng Biotechnologies Co., Ltd.) sold xanthan gum in the U.S. at less than normal value during the review period. Two other companies, Jianlong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and CP Kelco (Shandong) Biological Company Limited, were found eligible for separate rates. Commerce also found that Shanghai Smart Chemicals Co. Ltd. and Deosen Biochemical Ltd. did not have shipments of subject merchandise during the review period. Final Weighted-Average Dumping Margins Deosen Biochemical (Ordos) Ltd.: 6.46% Neimenggu Fufeng Biotechnologies Co., Ltd./Shandong Fufeng Fermentation Co., Ltd./Xinjiang Fufeng Biotechnologies Co., Ltd.: 0.00% Non-examined but separate rate companies: Jianlong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.: 6.46% CP Kelco (Shandong) Biological Company Limited: 6.46% Method of Determining Separate Rates Because only Deosen had a rate that was not zero, that rate (6.46%) was used for the separate rate companies. Fufeng’s weighted-average dumping margin was zero. China-Wide Entity Rate Companies that did not qualify for a separate rate remain part of the China-wide entity. The rate for the China-wide entity remains 154.07%. Commerce continues to deny separate rate status to companies listed in Appendix II of the notice. Assessment Rates Commerce will instruct U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to assess antidumping duties on all relevant entries. For Deosen, importer-specific rates will be calculated. If an importer-specific rate is zero or de minimis (0.50% or below), no duties will be collected. For Fufeng, because its dumping margin is zero, CBP will liquidate those entries without collecting duties. For separate rate respondents (CP Kelco (Shandong) and Jianlong), the assessment rate will be 6.46%. Companies part of the China-wide entity will have an assessment rate of 154.07%. Cash Deposit Requirements Exporters listed above: cash deposit rate is as above. Previously reviewed exporters with a separate rate not listed: their last published rate applies. All other China exporters with no separate rate: China-wide entity rate of 154.07% applies. All non-China exporters: the rate of the supplying China exporter applies. These rates become effective for imports entered, or withdrawn for consumption, on or after May 27, 2025, and will stay in effect until notice. No Shipments Determination Commerce confirmed that Shanghai Smart Chemicals Co. Ltd. and Deosen Biochemical Ltd. had no shipments during the review period. Reimbursement and Protective Orders Importers must file certificates confirming they have not been reimbursed for antidumping duties, as required by regulations. Failure to comply may result in double duties. Parties subject to administrative protective orders (APO) must return or destroy proprietary information as required. Further Information The full list of issues, calculations, and company-specific details are available in the Issues and Decision Memorandum and Appendix sections of the notice. Final results were published by Abdelali Elouaradia, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, on May 20, 2025. Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Imposes Antidumping Duties on 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid from India and China Estimated reading time: 4–6 minutes The United States Department of Commerce has issued antidumping duty orders on 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) from India and the People’s Republic of China. This action is based on investigations by the Department of Commerce and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC). Background On April 7, 2025, the Department of Commerce published its final decisions that 2,4-D from India and China was being sold in the U.S. for less than fair value. On May 16, 2025, the ITC found that the U.S. industry is hurt by dumped imports of 2,4-D from these countries. Scope of the Orders These orders cover 2,4-D and its derivative products, such as salt and ester forms. 2,4-D is identified by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number 94-75-7. The orders include various forms of 2,4-D salts and esters, like sodium salt and butoxyethyl ester. All forms, regardless of purity, size, or physical condition, are included. The country of origin for any salt or ester is defined by where the 2,4-D acid is produced. The affected products are classified under several Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) codes, but the written order description decides what is covered. Duty Rates Commerce will direct U.S. Customs and Border Protection to collect antidumping duties equal to the amount by which normal value exceeds the export price. The duties apply to shipments entered on or after November 14, 2024. India: Atul Limited: dumping margin 25.85%, cash deposit 20.62% Meghmani Organics Limited: dumping margin 6.10%, cash deposit 3.18% All Others: dumping margin 15.98%, cash deposit 11.90% China: China-Wide Entity: dumping margin 127.21%, cash deposit 126.58% Provisional Measures Suspension of liquidation due to these duties started on November 14, 2024. These measures lasted for six months and ended on May 12, 2025. Any 2,4-D entered from May 13, 2025, to the day before these final orders were published, will not be subject to duties, but duties and suspension resume from the date of publication. Annual Inquiry Service Lists Commerce will make an online annual inquiry service list for these orders. Parties interested in these cases should file an entry of appearance in the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Electronic Service System (ACCESS) within 30 days of the order publication. Special Instructions Petitioners and the governments of India and China will be placed on the annual inquiry service list automatically after their first entry. They do not need to submit again each year unless they need to make changes. Further Information More information about current Antidumping and Countervailing Duty orders can be found at: https://www.trade.gov/datavisualization/adcvd-proceedings Conclusion These orders are now in effect as of May 27, 2025. They are enforced and published under the relevant U.S. laws and regulations. For questions, contact: Grant Fuller (India): Office IX, (202) 482-6228 Matthew Palmer (China): Office III, (202) 482-1678 AD/CVD Operations, Enforcement and Compliance, U.S. Department of Commerce. Legal Reference: Federal Register Volume 90, Number 100 (Tuesday, May 27, 2025), Pages 22243-22245. [Order No. 2025-09452] Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.

U.S. Issues Countervailing Duty Orders on 2,4-D Herbicide from China and India Estimated reading time: 5–9 minutes On May 27, 2025, the Department of Commerce announced new countervailing duty (CVD) orders on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) from China and India. This decision follows final rulings from both Commerce and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC). Key Details The U.S. government found that U.S. industry is being harmed by subsidized imports of 2,4-D from these countries. The ITC confirmed this injury on May 16, 2025. The companies must now face countervailing duties. These are extra fees applied to imported goods that get unfair help from their home country’s government. Who Is Affected For China: Jiangxi Tianyu Chemical Co., Ltd. and its related companies: 26.50% Shandong Rainbow Agrosciences Co., Ltd. and its related companies: 169.63% All other producers or exporters: 26.50% For India: Atul Limited: 5.29% Meghmani Organics Limited and its related companies: 6.32% All other producers or exporters: 5.88% Effective Dates The duties apply to entries of 2,4-D from China and India that came into the U.S. on or after September 13, 2024. However, goods imported between January 11, 2025, and before May 27, 2025, are not subject to these duties. During this period, the U.S. government paused the extra fees. Customs officers will now collect cash deposits equal to the subsidy rates shown. These will stay in effect until further notice. What Is Covered The order covers 2,4-D and its salt and ester forms. This includes products with the following chemical numbers and forms: 2,4-D (CAS 94-75-7) 2,4-D sodium salt (CAS 2702-72-9) 2,4-D diethanolamine salt (CAS 5742-19-8) 2,4-D dimethyl amine salt (CAS 2008-39-1) 2,4-D isopropylamine salt (CAS 5742-17-6) 2,4-D tri-isopropanolamine salt (CAS 3234180-3) 2,4-D choline salt (CAS 1048373-72-3) 2,4-D butoxyethyl ester (CAS 1929-733) 2,4-D 2-ethylhexylester (CAS 1928-43-4) 2,4-D isopropylester (CAS 94-11-1) The order covers these items no matter their purity, size, or form. If 2,4-D acid is changed to a salt or ester, it is still covered. Mixed products are covered only for their 2,4-D amount. The country where the 2,4-D acid is made counts as the origin. These chemicals usually fall under HTSUS codes 2918.99.2010 and others listed in the notice. Administrative Details There will be an annual inquiry service list for these orders. Interested parties must enter their appearance on the online system within 30 days after this announcement. Petitioners and foreign governments need to appear on the first list but will stay on future lists automatically. Contact information can be updated as needed. More Information A list of current countervailing duty orders is at https://www.trade.gov/data-visualization/adcvd-proceedings. This notice was signed by Christopher Abbott, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, U.S. Department of Commerce, Enforcement and Compliance. [FR Doc. 2025-09453 Filed 5-23-25; 8:45 am] Legal Disclaimer This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. For case-specific consultation, please contact us. Read our full Legal Disclaimer, which also includes information on translation accuracy.